HP’s golden goose
When is great not good enough? When you’re Hewlett-Packard’s printing group.
A few years ago, the $28 billion business, headed by veteran Vyomesh Joshi, was the goose that kept laying golden eggs. It supplied most of the company’s profit while the PC group lost money and the corporate technology group struggled. Now new leadership and smart acquisitions have fixed the PC and corporate businesses, and printer sales are showing signs of weakness.
Though the printers and ink have so far pulled in a healthy $2.4 billion in profit this year for HP (HPQ), the growth rate is slowing. To cut costs, Joshi last week announced a reorganization that trims the printer group from five divisions to three. The consumer hardware and ink businesses will be collapsed into one unit, laser printers and other enterprise operations will be collapsed into another, and graphics will be the last.
But while HP’s printing shakeup may keep profits healthy for now, it won’t bring new money in the door. The only quick way to do that would be to reverse a troublesome trend: Consumers, who make up the bulk of HP printer sales, are no longer bingeing on ink. HP had hoped that its advances in its printer technology would inspire more folks to avoid professional photo finishers, but that hasn’t really happened. And since HP is already the biggest company in inkjet printers, it can’t grow much by simply stealing customers from rivals.
In a twisted way, HP brought this on itself. A big part of the reason why the printing group is seen as troubled now is that investors have high expectations after it delivered reliable sales growth for so many years. Especially in the last decade, as home PCs became as common as televisions, HP played a big role in establishing the printer as a must-have accessory for producing everyday fare like book reports, letters and photos. Now it’s easy to see that printing isn’t as necessary to the PC experience as it used to be, with online social networks like Facebook and MySpace based largely on sharing information electronically, not printing it. But as printing sales growth slows, investors still expect the division to make up for it somehow.
For growth, HP is looking to markets like large businesses and commercial print shops, where rivals like Xerox (XRX) have more experience. (See HP’s printer challenge.) The good news about those: they print a lot. The bad news: it won’t be as easy for HP to turn big profits. So to fund those efforts, HP is mercilessly cutting costs from its older, slower-growth printer businesses. Joshi has already jettisoned the digital camera business and outsourced much of manufacturing for black and white laser printers, and he’s still looking for more cost savings.
All of which makes sense – but is HP cutting too much, too fast? Under CEO Mark Hurd, the business groups have adopted a disciplined approach to innovation where each group funds tomorrow’s hit by cutting costs out of yesterday’s – a tactic few investors would argue with. But the downside is, innovation can’t be plugged into a spreadsheet, or put on a schedule. Just look at Apple’s (AAPL) computer business – it achieved only anemic growth for years, until a boost from the iPod, retail stores, and a switch to Intel (INTC) chips recently put the shine back on the brand, but Apple continued to invest in it.
So far, analysts say there’s no indication that HP is slicing too far. Which is good – because I’ve heard you want to be careful with a golden goose.
As the PC converges with other consumer devices like TVs and audio where even Sony can’t make a decent profit, and with the handheld market that is dominated by Apple, Samsung and LG, HP is forced into the back-end systems that are invisible and incomprehensible to most investors and analysts.
HP’s strategy there is to be the engine that replaces old labor-intensive technology like offset printing presses and mainframe computers with high-speed digital presses and virtualized servers. This is good for everyone except the customers who have to endure the inevitable disruption and the displaced employees who lose their jobs in a depressed economy.
HP lost it’s way over 8 years ago when they picked an outsider to run the company, Fearena, herd mentality,
spend boatload of cash to buy CPQ, and EDS, slash workforce and stifle innovation.
HP might want to consider a strategic acquisition to get upstream in the printing business. Despite all of the mistakes Xerox has made in the past, they do make excellent products. There could be many synergies–sales force, manufacturing, managed services- in an acquisition, especially at the current valuation of Xerox.
HP is currently planning to build a support center in Rio Rancho, NM. Though this may seem like a turn around from the past few years of outsourcing these types of jobs to India or other countries, the reality is now beginning to take shape. U.S. workers are being told they must move to New Mexico or lose there jobs. Since the deal HP cut with NM governor Bill Richardson allows for up to $50 million in tax breaks, it also stipulates that the jobs at this new support center must be filled by new hires who have been NM residents for at least a year. So where does this leave the current workforce?
Mark Hurd is not a visionary, he’s simply an operational cost cutter. It means he does everything he can to milk the company cash cows as long as he can, while starving future innovation. But, in the meantime he’ll make absurd bonuses and can grab the golden parachute when it comes crashing down.
Only the dowdy and dopey engineers left after a decade of steady shedding of their best. The other employees are managers and managers of managers who don’t contribute anything of substance.
What they manage to do is sit back and watch their partners succeed – PCL was the printer language when Adobe introduced the concept of pdf. When Nokia was born, HP was the king of microwave and handheld computer technology. Cisco was a small startup company when HP led the world in networked computers. The list is endless, and HP has only succeeded at buying sunset companies like Compaq and EDS.
I would not be so sure that HP is not cutting too much too fast.
HP is cutting costs at all costs. Innovation is a thing of the past as HP converts market share into management bonuses.
It’s the classic dilemna of a “reform” CEO. Mark Hurd came to HP, fixed some specific operational and political problems, and the stockholder saw a big benefit. But now that HP is operating as well as can be expected given its size and market conditions, what can Mark do to keep up his reputation for “big” improvements?
The answer is: short-sighted and deep cuts to keep the numbers looking good on a quarterly basis, then pray for a miracle like the inkjet or the iPod to rescue him. Otherwise, he can keep his job for a few years, riding HP back down into the mud until the shareholders rebel and throw him out.
Financially he will win either way, pulling $100 million or more out of HP as his total compensation. Or he may leave sooner if another star-struck BOD offers him a chance to “rescue” another company with an obscene compensation package. But the time for “big improvements” at HP is over. What HP needs now is a steady hand with experience at running a mature mega-company. Mark Hurd may not be that guy.
Printers are the ‘buggy whips’ of our time, and ‘cars’ are storming the world. The only innovation in printing is “not printing”. It’s over HP… get used to it.
Has HP cut too far? HP used to invent entire new catigories of business – consumber printing being just one example. Apple still does this with examples like IPOD. HP has not created a new market since consumer printing 15 years ago. And with all the cuts anounced and still to come, it never will again.
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I am a former Engineer at HP, and I left after getting fed up with the constant reorganization, ongoing staff cuts and outsourcing. Under Joshi, HP’s employees became ever more demoralized with every reorg/layoff. I wouldn’t expect much in the way of innovation under such conditions and such short sighted management. HP competitors such as Samsung gleefully rolled out the red carpet for displaced HP talent. It might be more accurate to say that Joshi is the one who killed the goose that laid the golden eggs.